Beyond Borders, London College of Communication, UK

SILVER HALIDES March 07. 2017
This work consists of photographic prints, each one representing a day that Russian air strikes killed one or more civilians. The images were collected
by Airwars researchers. A carefully calibrated quantity of developer, representing the number of deaths on each day was used to develop the image. The visualisation records each photograph as it develops. The larger the image, the more deaths occurred on that day.

Researchers have identified 784 confirmed civilian casualty incidents between October 2015 and April 2016, all allegedly involving Russian aircraft. Between 3,895 and 5,354 civilian non-combatant deaths are alleged to have resulted from these 784 incidents, although the actual number of civilian deaths from Russian strikes is probably much higher.

Moscow continues to deny killing any civilians in its continuing air campaign in Syria. Despite Russia’s claims, between 2,210 and 2,984 civilian non-combatants are likely to have been killed in 423 incidents where there is fair reporting publicly available of an event – and where Russian strikes appear to have taken place in the near vicinity on that date.

The reports of civilian deaths are drawn from Syrian monitoring groups, from news media and social media, from militant and rebel groups, and via local and international NGOs and news organisations. These have been cross checked where possible against official Russian military releases.

John Fass
Alistair McClymont